art_13__para_3
GPSR
3. A modification of a product, by physical or digital means, shall be deemed to be substantial where it has an impact on the safety of the product and the following criteria are met: the modification changes the product in a manner which was not foreseen in the initial risk assessment of the product; the nature of the hazard has changed, a new hazard has been created or the level of risk has increased because of the modification; and the modifications have not been made by the consumers themselves or on their behalf for their own use.
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Source: EUR-Lex CELLAR · retrieved 2026-08-26 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.